Criminal Statutes on HIV Transmission, 2008
| Criminalizes HIV Transmission? | Statute and Type of Crime | |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 32 Yes | |
| Alabama | Yes | Ala. Code 22-11A-21 (Class C misdemeanor) |
| Alaska | Yes | Alaska Stat. 11.41.420 (May be considered an aggravating factor in a felony conviction, allowing for imposition of a sentence beyond the presumptive range) |
| Arizona | No | |
| Arkansas | Yes | Ark. Code Ann. 514-123 (Class A felony)/ Ark. Code Ann. 20-15-903 (Class A misdemeanor) |
| California | Yes | Cal. Health & Saf. Code 120291 (Felony punishable by imprisonment for 3, 5 or 8 years)/ Cal. Health & Saf. Code 120290 (Misdemeanor) / Cal. Health & Saf. Code 1621.5 (Felony punishable by imprisonment for 2, 4 or 6 years)/ Cal. Pen. Code 12022.85 (3 year sentencing enhancement)/Cal. Pen. Code 647f (Felony-penalty enhancement) |
| Colorado | Yes | Colo. Rev. Stat. 187-201.7 (Class 5 felony) / Colo. Rev. Stat. 187-205.7 (Class 6 felony) |
| Connecticut | No | |
| Delaware | Yes | Del. Code Ann. 16 2801 (Class E Felony) |
| District of Columbia | No | |
| Florida | Yes | Fla. Stat. Ann. 384.24 / Fla. Stat. Ann. 381.0041 (11)(b) (3rd Degree Felony-punishable by not more than 5 years) |
| Georgia | Yes | Ga. Code Ann. 165-60(c) (Felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 10 years) / Ga. Code Ann. 165-60(d) (Felony punishable by imprisonment for not less than 5 and not more than 20 years) |
| Hawaii | No | |
| Idaho | Yes | Idaho Code 39-608 (Felony punishable by imprisonment for a period not to exceed 15 years or by fine not in excess of $5,000 or by both) |
| Illinois | Yes | 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/1216.2 (Class 2 felony) |
| Indiana | Yes | Ind. Code Ann. 35-42-1-7 (Class C felony for committing the act; Class A felony if the act results in transmission of HIV) / Ind. Code Ann. 35-42-2-6(c) (Class D felony for committing the act; Class C felony if the defendant knew or recklessly failed to know that the bodily fluid or waste was infected with Hepatitis B, HIV or TB; Class B felony if the person knew or recklessly failed to know that the fluid or waste was infected with Hepatitis B or TB and the offense results in transmission; Class A felony if the person knew or recklessly failed to know that the bodily fluid or waste was infected with HIV and the offense resulted in transmission) / Ind. Code Ann. 35-42-2-6(d) (Class D felony if they person knew or recklessly failed to know that the blood, semen, urine or fecal waste was infected with Hepatitis B, HIV or TB; Class C felony if the person knew or recklessly failed to know that the blood, semen, urine, or fecal waste was infected with Hepatitis B or TB and the act results in transmission; Class B felony if the person knew or recklessly failed to know that the blood, semen, urine, or fecal waste was infected with HIV and transmission resulted) |
| Iowa | Yes | Iowa Code 709 C (Class B felony) |
| Kansas | Yes | Kan. Stat. Ann. 21-3435 (Class A misdemeanor) |
| Kentucky | Yes | Ky. Rev. Stat. 529.090 (Class D felony) / Ky. Rev. Stat. 529.090 (4) (Class D felony)/ Ky. Rev. Stat. 311.990(24)(b) (Class D felony) |
| Louisiana | Yes | La. Rev. Stat. 43.5 (Fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned for not more than 10 years or both; if the victim is a police officer acting in the line of duty then the fine increases by $1,000 and imprisonment for not more than 11 years) |
| Maine | No | |
| Maryland | Yes | Md. Code Ann. Health-General 18-601.1 (Fine of $2,500 or imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or both) |
| Massachusetts | No | |
| Michigan | Yes | Mich. Comp. Laws 333.5210 (Felony) |
| Minnesota | No | |
| Mississippi | Yes | Miss. Code Ann. 97-27-14(1) (Felony) |
| Missouri | Yes | Mo. Rev. Stat 191.677 (Class B felony; Class A felony if transmission occurs) |
| Montana | Yes | Mont. Code Ann. 50-18-112 (Misdemeanor) |
| Nebraska | No | |
| Nevada | Yes | Nev. Rev. Stat. 201.205 (Category B felony punishable by imprisonment for not less than 2 years and not more than 10 years or by a fine of not more than $10,000 or both) / Nev. Rev. Stat 201.358 (Category B felony punishable by imprisonment for not less than 2 years and not more than 10 years or by a fine of not more than $10,000 or both) |
| New Hampshire | No | |
| New Jersey | Yes | N.J. Stat. 2C:34-5 (3rd degree crime punishable by up to 5 years imprisonment and up to $15,000 fine) |
| New Mexico | No | |
| New York | NA | |
| North Carolina | No | |
| North Dakota | Yes | N.D. Cent. Code 12-1-20-17 (Class A felony) |
| Ohio | Yes | Ohio Rev. Code Ann. 2927.13 (4th degree felony) |
| Oklahoma | Yes | Okla. Stat. 1192.1 (Felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 5 years) / Okla. Stat. 1031 (Felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 5 years) / Okla. Stat. 1-519 (Felony) |
| Oregon | No | |
| Pennsylvania | Yes | 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. 2703 (2nd degree felony) / 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. 2704 (Penalty shall be the same for murder in the 2nd degree, which is punishable by death or life imprisonment) / 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. 5902(a) (Felony of the 3rd degree) / 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. 5902(b) (Felony of the 3rd degree) / 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. 5902(e) (Felony of the 3rd degree) |
| Rhode Island | No | |
| South Carolina | Yes | S.C. Code Ann. 4429-145 (Felony punishable by fine of not more than $5,000 or imprisonment for not more than 10 years) |
| South Dakota | Yes | S.D Codified Laws 22-18-31 (Class 3 felony) |
| Tennessee | Yes | Tenn. Code Ann. 39-13-109 (Class C felony) / Tenn. Code Ann. 68-10-107 (Class C misdemeanor) |
| Texas | No | |
| Utah | Yes | Utah Code Ann 7610-1309 (Felony of the 3rd degree) |
| Vermont | No | |
| Virginia | Yes | Va. Code Ann. 18.2-67, 4:1(A) (Class 6 felony) / Va. Code Ann. 18.2-67, 4:1(B) (Class 1 misdemeanor) / Va. Code Ann. 32.1-289.2 (Class 6 felony) |
| Washington | Yes | Rev. Code Wash. 9A.36.011(1)(b) (Class A felony) |
| West Virginia | No | |
| Wisconsin | No | |
| Wyoming | No | |
| Notes: | For a detailed summary and notes for each statute, refer to the American Civil Liberties Union document listed below in the Data Sources. |
| Sources: | State Criminal Statutes on HIV Transmission - 2008, American Civil Liberties Union, accessed 11/3/08, http://www.aclu.org/hiv/gen/35655res20080604.html. |
| Definitions: | NA: Data are not available. |
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